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商用英文簡報與口語溝通之教學
Teaching Presentation and Oral Communication in Business
國立高雄第一科技大學應用英語系陳其芬副教授
I. Teaching Objectives
Q: What do we expect our students to be able to do in business communication?
A: My objectives --
They need to be able to use English to communicate effectively, appropriately, and professionally.
1) Communicate effectively:
- to deliver a clear message
- to achieve a specific purpose
- to think logically and speak persuasively
2) Communicate appropriately:
- to communicate with high sensitivity to language use
- to understand interpersonal relationships
- to observe business etiquette
- to be aware of cultural differences in communication styles
3) Communicate professionally:
- to project a professional image
- to show self-confidence and trustworthiness
- to demonstrate adequate knowledge on the topic
- to be fully prepared
II. Abilities Required for Oral Communication in Business
1. Language (verbal communication):
- clear, appropriate, and persuasive
2. Image projection (non-verbal communication):
- eye contact, facial expressions, posture, gestures, body language, hand shaking, voice inflection, speech rate, tone, communication styles, appearance, dress
3. Knowledge:
- socio-cultural knowledge (interpersonal relationships, settings & occasions, cultural conventions)
- business etiquette
- business-related knowledge
- marketing and persuasive strategies
4. Thinking skills (problem solving skills):
- reasoning, analysis, organization, evaluation, synthesis
5. Visual literacy:
- use of visuals, color sensitivity, graphic design, readability, visual impact
III. Curriculum Design: Skill-based and Function-based
Needs analysis: pedagogic needs and business needs
1. Greeting, introducing, receiving visitors, making small talk
2. Active listening (showing interest/understanding, asking for clarification, paraphrasing)
3. Taking orders and making arrangements
4. Asking and responding to questions
5. Making requests and accepting/declining requests
6. Making a sales phone call and a sales visit
7. Handling complaints and making apologies
8. Making suggestions and responding
9. Giving presentations
10. Describing trends, charts, tables, and graphs
11. Participating in and chairing meetings
12. Making arguments and showing agreement/disagreement
13. Negotiating - bargaining and making concessions
14. Handling questions in job interviews (*並請參照商用英語會話課程大綱)
IV. Teaching Methods and Activities
- 3 Ps: presentation, (controlled) practice, and (task-based) production
Part A. Presentation in Business
1. Modeling through Video/Audio input
[Example from Youtube: http://hk.youtube.com/watch?v=EumXWYSCbE4]
2. Working with non-verbal communication
[Activity: Show and Tell]
3. Building business-related vocabulary and background knowledge
[Activity: Reading and analyzing presentation scripts]
4. Structuring and designing PowerPoint slides (title, organization of slides, beginning, outline/overview, main points, conclusion, graphic design, visual effects)
5. Working with presentation language
- practicing opening and closing
- practicing the body part (connecting ideas and emphasizing points)
- practicing describing trends, charts, graphs
- practicing Q& A – the RACER model (Respond, Answer, Check, Encourage, and Return to presentation)
6. Making an individual or group presentation – Task-based activities
Examples of activities:
- presenting your school: to recruit foreign students
- presenting a city: to recruit foreign investors or to attract foreign tourists
- presenting a company and its products (e.g., the Giant Bicycles)
- presenting a hotel and its service (e.g., the Grand Hotel)
- presenting a comparison of 3 products and make a recommendation
(e.g., cell phones, cell phone service providers, PCs, scooters, cars, flat TVs, etc.)
7. Developing thinking & evaluation skills
- making a strategy plan through a preparation checklist
- formative peer evaluation of the effectiveness of each other’s presentation
- journal writing: self-analysis of the (video-taped) presentation
Part B. Oral Communication in Business
1. Modeling through Video/Audio input
[Example from Youtube: http://hk.youtube.com/watch?v=3ZZqMzAKqPM]
2. Working with non-verbal communication
3. Working with language
- practicing language for a variety of communicative functions
- developing sensitivity to language use: diplomatic language
4. Building cross-cultural awareness in communication, business-related vocabulary, and background knowledge
5. Practicing situation-based activities & case studies
Examples of activities:
- receiving visitors at the airport / in the office
- handling a customer’s complaint on the phone / in the customer service counter
- making a sales phone call / a sales visit
- participating in an internal meeting on the plan for a farewell party / a workshop
- bargaining in the store
- negotiating in a formal meeting (for a contract / distributorship / compensation)
- participating in a trade show
- handling job interviews
6. Developing thinking & evaluation skills
- making planning strategies
- evaluating the effectiveness of participating in meetings
- self-analysis of the performance
V. Evaluation Methods
- formative evaluation through peers and the teacher
- summative evaluation
VI. Conclusion
- "If there is any great secret of success in life, it lies in the ability to put yourself in the other's place and to see things from his point of view as well as your own."
~ Henry Ford
- Communication = Information + Relationship
- Plan well and practice smartly.
References
Course books for Oral Communication in Business:
Barnard, R. & Cady J. (2000). Business Venture. Oxford University Press. (2 levels: elementary and pre-intermediate).
Grant, D., Hughes, J. & McLarty, R. (2001). Business Basics. Oxford University Press. (elementary level).
Grant, D., Hughes, J. & McLarty, R. (2005). Business Focus. Oxford University Press. (2 levels: elementary and pre-intermediate).
Grussendorf, M. (2007). English for Presentations. Oxford University Press. (elementary or pre-intermediate level).
Irvine, M. & Cadman, M. (1999). Commercially Speaking. Oxford University Press. (elementary or pre-intermediate level).
Johnson, C. (2005). Intelligent Business: Skills Book. Pearson Education Limited. (4 levels: elementary, pre-intermediate, intermediate, and upper-intermediate) (Video CD-ROM is included).
Naunton, J. (2005). Profile. Oxford University Press. (3 levels: pre-intermediate, intermediate, and upper-intermediate). (Video CD-ROM is included).
Schofield, J. & Frendo, E. (2005). Double Dealing. Summertown Publishing. (3 levels: pre-intermediate, intermediate, and advanced).
Viney, P. & Viney K. (1996). Handshake: A course in Communication. Oxford University Press. (pre-intermediate level).
Teachers’ Resource Books for Oral Communication in Business:
Crowther-Alwyn, J. (1997). Business Roles: Simulations for Business English. Cambridge University Press.
Evans, D. (1997). Decisionmaker: Business Situations for Analysis and Discussion. Cambridge University Press.
Frendo, E. (2005). How to Teach Business English. Pearson Education Limited.
Laws, A. (2000). Meetings. Summertown Publishing.
Laws, A. (2000). Negotiations. Summertown Publishing.
Laws, A. (2000). Presentations. Summertown Publishing.
Dignen, B. (2007). Fifty Ways to Improve Your Presentation Skills in English. Summertown Publishing.
Taylor, K. (2007). Fifty Ways to Improve Your Business English. Summertown Publishing.
Taylor, K. (2007). Fifty Ways to Improve Your Telephoning and Teleconferencing Skills. Summertown Publishing.
LiveABC. (2005). 搶救上班族英語＜商業會話篇＞ (Video CD-ROM is included).
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